The cryptocurrency mixer Coinomize.biz has been active since 2019, operating as a Bitcoin tumbler that obscures the origins of transactions. While such services claim to enhance privacy, they are often exploited by cybercriminals to launder stolen or illicit funds. Coinomize’s Russian Hosting and Infrastructure Coinomize operates across three surface web domains, all hosted on servers […]
Read MoreeXch.cx, originally launched in 2014 under the domain eXch.cc, has long been associated with high-risk transactions and illicit entities. In its early years, it facilitated exchanges involving Bitcoin, Perfect Money, and BTC-e vouchers, interacting with darknet markets and OFAC-sanctioned entities. The platform abruptly ceased operations in 2016, dispersing funds across multiple exchanges and mixers. It […]
Read MoreIntroduction A new Brazilian infostealer, Now Stealer has emerged in January 2025, being sold through Discord and websites. Developed by a group of Brazilian hackers, the stealer is linked to other malicious software such as Iluria Stealer and Nikki Stealer. Now Stealer: Overview and Distribution The Now Stealer was found to be promoted through the Discord […]
Read MoreCybersecurity researchers and threat intelligence platforms have identified Proton66 OOO (AS198953), registered in the Russian Federation, as the top bulletproof hosting provider facilitating cybercrime in 2024. According to reports from abuse.ch, based in Zürich, Switzerland, Proton66 OOO hosted 4,681 malware distribution websites last year. Another bulletproof network, ELITETEAM (AS51381), registered in Seychelles but operated from […]
Read MoreBrazil’s cybercrime ecosystem is thriving, with hackers and fraudsters targeting both public and private organizations at an unprecedented rate. Stolen data, compromised accounts, and access to critical government systems are then monetized on dark web and deep web forums and chat platforms (e.g., Telegram). Our investigation has uncovered a Brazilian cyber actor actively selling access […]
Read MoreCybercriminals continually adapt to law enforcement crackdowns, finding new ways to sustain underground operations and target businesses and public organizations. One such figure, operating under multiple aliases, has gained notoriety for developing and distributing malicious software designed to steal sensitive data. Who is Fumentazo? Known by various aliases—including “Unc Fumentazo”, “UnknownWebPT”, “FunnelHunel”, Zixshore”, and “ExomSec”—this […]
Read MoreCybercriminals often use offshore or bulletproof hosting providers to run their operations. These providers are usually located in offshore jurisdictions but rent server space in data centers in Europe (e.g., The Netherlands, Bulgaria) or the United States. Offshore hosting providers typically operate from jurisdictions where regulations are more lenient or enforcement is challenging, allowing them […]
Read MoreThe rise of digital piracy reflects the growing divide in economic realities and ideological debates surrounding access to information. As piracy evolves, its mechanisms become increasingly complex, exploiting vulnerabilities in legitimate systems to distribute intangible goods—assets of immense value to businesses and creators. The Mechanics of Digital Piracy Modern piracy thrives on the fluidity and […]
Read MoreThe Russian Market, operating under various domains like russianmarket[.]to and russianmarket[.]cc, has become a prominent player in the cyber-underground economy. It facilitates the trade of infostealer logs (a type of illicit data obtained from malware-infected systems) and stolen credentials, primarily through cryptocurrency transactions, and serves an international audience. Suspected to have roots in Russia, it […]
Read MoreCybercrime is a growing global concern, with financial losses from cyberattacks projected to reach $10.5 trillion annually by 2025. From ransomware attacks that cripple entire organizations to data breaches exposing millions of personal records, cybercriminals are exploiting digital vulnerabilities at an alarming rate. To carry out these crimes, many cybercriminals rely on tools designed to […]
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